Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Black People and American Dominant Culture Essay

* A sign is whatever could be utilized to represent something different. The two sections are an unmistakable signifier (structure that the sign takes) with a meant (the idea that it speaks to) 2. As indicated by Howard Zinn, whose voices are the ones frequently disregarded by/kept separate from history? * The voices forgot about are finished by the individuals who are not well known, the basic man. 3. Zinn examined the language utilized in the Declaration of Independence, and that utilized in the United States Constitution to depict the rights to which everybody is entitled. How would they vary and what more noteworthy clash does this disparity speak to? * ‘Our individuals are essentially better than average and mindful, and our most noteworthy standards are communicated in the Declaration of Independence, which says we all have an equivalent right to â€Å"life freedom, and the quest for satisfaction. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ * The America that we â€Å"know is a nation that had subjection and still has prejudice, had a president who was viewed as a saint who cherished war and 4. Depict Ronald Takaki calls the â€Å"Master Narrative† of American history. What two presumptions does this rendition of American history depend upon, and what issues does this posture for the investigation of America’s history and contemporary understandings of who/what is American? * Master account: the â€Å"power and well known yet erroneous story† announcing that â€Å"our nation was settled by European migrants, and Americans are white. † * A channel through which we learn history * Leaves out the various societies that live in America 5. How does James Hoopes characterize oral history versus oral convention? Does American prevailing society have a solid oral convention? Why/why not? * Oral history: reports gathered by recording device. Utilized by social researchers in â€Å"participant observation† considers * Oral custom: Usual name for verbal stories gave starting with one age then onto the next 6. What are the qualities/favorable circumstances of oral history as a procedure? What are the restriction/shortcomings of oral history? In what manner can these constraints/shortcomings be upheld? * Strengths: it can discover the perspective of the individuals who initially had no voice previously. It very well may be utilized to discover more subtleties that may some way or another demonstrate what is customarily educated as off-base or unique. Can be utilized to make documentation more grounded * Weaknesses: Memory is untrustworthy, needs documentation to give legitimacy, individuals may lie, inclination, just living individuals, hesitance 7. What gathering of individuals was the subject of study in Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold? For what reason do the creators contend it was essential to consider these ladies? Is it true that they were a piece of a political development? In what way(s) did they add to social change in the U. S.? * Subject of study: Working class lesbians from the mid-1930’s to the mid 1960’s in Buffalo, New York * The center uncovered the centrality of butch-fem jobs. * Women’s transparency about their lesbianism was significant not exclusively to the networks they helped structure time permitting yet to every lesbian network which they have given a model to that have developed since. * They even venture to such an extreme as to set that these more seasoned lesbians and their lives comprise a prepolitical phase of the 1970’s gay rights development. 8. What sorts of difficulties did the ladies in Storming Caesars Palace face experiencing childhood in the South? What was the name of the association that they made and ran together? What sorts of administrations would they say they were ready to make accessible to inhabitants on the west side of Las Vegas? * The ladies confronted bigotry, separation, absence of occupations, government assistance, salary, fathers leaving, relationships coming up short. Ladies saw wedding ahead of schedule as an approach to escape this yet ended up being incorrectly. The association that they made was called Operation Life which made network programs that incorporated a clinical focus, library, senior resident lodging and childcare. 9. What generalizations are frequently connected with the individuals who gather government assistance? When government assistance was made, who did it essentially profit? Who was avoided from getting benefits? * Stereotypes are regularly connected with destitute individuals, have children just for more government assistance, languid, can’t look for some kind of employment, too lethargic to even consider finding work. Duping the framework, getting paid excessively. â€Å"driving Cadillacs†, an excessive number of children * Black ladies were denied conception prevention, specialists urged dark ladies to engage in sexual relations at a youthful age * When it was made it principally profited the white network (white widows and vagrants) *social security and joblessness: prohibited local work and horticultural) * Blacks were denied government assistance (Domestic work and farming work) most dark ladies wound up carrying out those responsibilities. 10. As per the film Crips and Bloods: Made in America, how have Black men ordinarily been described in American predominant culture? How is this reflected by the extent of Black men in America who end up imprisoned/detained during their lifetimes? How did those we got notification from in the film describe the prison framework and law implementation endeavors to wage a â€Å"war on drugs/wrongdoing? † * Black men are normally portrayed in American predominant culture as tending to do wrongdoing and that the existence they live is the existence they picked and need. * 1 out of 4 dark men are detained in the course of their lives in the region. Anyway this isn’t the existence that they decided for themselves. The existence that the white individuals, law authorization has put upon them constrained them into the existence that they were attempting to stay away from. * They said that the â€Å"war on drugs/crime† wound up being a war on individuals of color 11. As indicated by the film, what variables added to these ascent of urban road groups in Los Angeles? What sorts of chances were not accessible to youngsters in these areas? For what reason do youngsters join groups, and what do they escape being in a pack? * Territorial limits, segregation, posses, police power constrained them into this life. No dad figures, police power detaining dark dads * They couldn't join sorted out gatherings and accordingly joined a pack to feel acknowledged. They did that to get some feeling of family and they cared for each other, and insurance, took care of each other 12. How were the activities of African American occupants during the Watts Rebellion portrayed by media and law implementation? How could they portray themselves? * The media and law implementation considered it to be a â€Å"riot† that it was sloppy confusion * They saw it as a â€Å"rebellion† that they knew completely well what they were doing and that it was sorted out and that white individuals didn’t think individuals of color had the competent idea of arranging together. 13. How is savagery described/deciphered distinctively relying upon who submits demonstrations of brutality? When is savagery considered worthy/inadmissible? * LAPD/National Guard: Supposed to keep the police. * Black people group: Characterized in an unexpected way. * Before common war: Black men seen as silly. * After common war: Seen as risky, normally beasts, bondage helped cultivated them, seeing as a danger to the whole social texture (white ladies specifically) * Allowed defense for lynching dark men by whites * 14. How does Anderson characterize â€Å"nation? † What are the 4 characterizing attributes of the country? * Nation: â€Å"an envisioned political network †and envisioned as both inalienably restricted and sovereign. † 1. Restricted 2. Network 3. Sovereign 4. Envisioned 15. Clarify the idea of American exceptionalism. In what routes in an accentuation on American exceptionalism reflected in American culture? What establishing legends advanced this thought? What two focal shortcomings have reactions of American exceptionalism concentrated on? * American Exceptionalism: The possibility that America is one of a kind, uncommon, â€Å"City upon a Hill. † Essentialize American character. Disengagement from inside. * Manifest Destiny: Encouraged development * Frontier Thesis: Rugged independence, essential experience, shutting of the outskirts, deliver government, spread opportunity and majority rule government * City upon a Hill (society would be a model of God’s will) * Weaknesses: Makes America close disapproved to different methods of culture or life. We accept that our method of doing things is the best and that we should spread our thoughts onto different nations causes us to appear to be imperialistic. 16. Depict how the stock minstrel show characters like the Sambo, Mammy, Coon, and Uncle were depicted. What capacity did these depictions play in Antebellum American culture? What did these pictures state about the organization of bondage? How did pictures of Black Americans (and Black men specifically) change following the Civil War? What did this reflect/legitimize? How was Emancipation depicted in well known media? How were Black kids, or â€Å"Pickaninnies,† regularly spoken to? What was the reason/capacity of such generalizations? * Sambo †Happy slave, easygoing, slave in their normal set, used to appear to determine the good and political in the contention of having bondage in a free nation * Mammy †lady rendition of the Sambo, chubby lady, quiet doesn't have the characteristics of the white lady (magnificence), worked for the white man, never evoked sexual inclination, seen as the controller in their own family. Men are frail, ladies are solid. * Coon â€ignorant dark man, attempts to act savvy, dresses like a white man yet acts like an idiot, card shark after the common war. * Uncle †existed before Civil War. Old slave, attached to the master’s family, faithful. After Civil War, misses subjection, returns to visit ace to think back * Pickaninnies †dark kids as creature like, consistently by a stream, untidy hair, having crocodiles seeking after youngsters 17. How does the United States Constitution describe the connection among government and religion? How is the criticalness of religion, especially Protestant Christianity reflected in American open life?

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Gender equality

Sexual orientation uniformity Tyrone Cloyd Baltimore, MD Gender equity has been a social worry since man step foot on earth. At the point when we consider sexual orientation balance victimization ladies is the thing that rings a bell, yet as of late therapist and humanist have started to concentrate how men are oppressed. It is viewed as general information that men despite everything get more cash-flow a year then ladies, and the facts confirm that men hold the greater part of the situation of intensity in the public arena. Late investigations have inferred that there is a part of society that victimizes men. This part of society is profoundly established in the American culture, and it is difficult to name, to plates, and to examine. Sex jobs for men, at that point are seen not as natural givens, however as social developments made from the desires for social powers, for example, guardians, educators, peers, and the media about what establish manliness {(Pleck, 1995) Mahalik 1998}.The world flipped around (sexu al orientation job revers...Men are associated to put stock in the significance of accomplishment, force, and seriousness. Since the male socialization experience is speculated to make negative sentiments, for example, uneasiness and disgrace identified with everything female, the improvement of unbending customary male jobs, or male sexual orientation job strife {(O'Neil, Helms, Gable, David, Wrightsman, 1986) Mahalik 1998}.Looking at male enthusiastic socialization from the system of the sex job strain worldview, numerous young men are required to obstruct their emotions and limit the declaration of their defenseless and caring feelings {(Levant) Mahalik 1998}. Along these lines, a man encounters a specific feature of self that he thinks about ladylike with extraordinary clash and nervousness, since he trusts it undermines his masculinity (Mahalik, Cournoyer, Defranc, Cherry, and Napolitano 1998). Because of this dread of womanliness, men are accepted to over adjust to customary m ale jobs as an adapting procedure to keep away from...

Crimes in Delhi and Mumbai Essay

English point of view The English reason for existing was to guarantee that Scotland would not pick a ruler not the same as the one on the English seat. The two nations had shared a lord for a significant part of the earlier century, yet the English were worried that a free Scotland with an alternate ruler, regardless of whether he were a Protestant, may make coalitions against England. The English progression was accommodated by the English Act of Settlement 1701, which guaranteed that the ruler of England would be a Protestant individual from the House of Hanover. Until the Union of Parliaments, the Scots could pick their own replacement to Queen Anne: the Scottish Act of Security 1704 expressly required a decision not the same as the English ruler. Irish point of view Ireland, the third of the â€Å"sister kingdoms†, was excluded from the association. It stayed a different realm and undoubtedly was lawfully subordinate to Great Britain until 1784. Ireland’s profits by the Union of 1707 were not many. Its particular status in exchange with England currently reached out to Scotland. Nonetheless, Ireland was left inconsistent and unrepresented in the Parliament of Great Britain. In July 1707 each House of the Parliament of Ireland passed a salutary location to Queen Anne, supplicating that â€Å"May God put it in your illustrious heart to add more prominent quality and shine to your crown, by a still progressively extensive Union†.[24] The British government didn't react to the greeting and an equivalent joining between Great Britain and Ireland was out of thought until the 1790s. The association with Ireland at long last occurred on 1 January 1801.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Gay Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

Gay Marriage - Essay Example Certain examiners express that mental, physical and money related prosperity is improved by marriage and that children of gay couples profit by being raised by guardians inside an association that is lawfully perceived and is upheld by foundations of the general public. Court archives that American Scientist Associations filled additionally demonstrate that secluding gay ladies and men as ineligible for marriage both criticizes and invites segregation by general society against them. The American Anthropological Association declares that examination of sociology doesn't affirm the assessment that either social requests that are practical or development rely on neglecting to perceive gay marriage. Gay marriage can be completed in a common function that is mainstream or in a strict setting. Numerous confidence networks everywhere throughout the world help are tolerating gay couple to wed or perform gay wedding functions. In an investigation of analyzing the outcomes of separation that are institutional on the mental soundness of lesbian, gay, and swinger (LGB) individuals that was completed by a Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, found an expansion in mental clutters, including dramatically increasing of disarranges of uneasiness, inside the (LGB) people living in the US that comprised bans on gay marriage. The investigation indicated the significance of getting rid of segregations that are as foundations, even those subsequent in incongruities in the prosperity and emotional well-being of LGB people.

Saturday, August 15, 2020

Battery Disposal and Recycling

Battery Disposal and Recycling Battery Disposal and Recycling Home›Research Posts›Battery Disposal and Recycling Research PostsIntroductionWhen Alessandro Volta, the Italian inventor who invented the battery back in the year 1800 did it, the main idea was to store energy for use in future (Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58). Despite the initial idea, the nature of the battery has not quite changed that much. In most cases, lead-acid batteries are used in vehicles and other automobiles while household batteries make use of Zinc Manganese batteries (p. 59). These batteries do have some harmful chemicals that are contained in them. The mains purpose of this research is to try and evaluate the extent to which disposal of batteries is done and the kind of challenges / problems that this brings on both the environment and more specifically on humans. The report will also seek information about the problems that are also faced in other regions like in China and the US. The way in which people utilize their batteries a s well as the ways in which they use while charging their batteries also matters since these factors affect the battery life (Potter 2005, p. 15). For example, if an individual or multiple cell (s) are broken, the cell may not function properly leading to reduction in cell life.Materials used in batteriesTalking in general terms, batteries are made up of materials that have been found to be toxic to both the environment and humans too. This does not exclude the animals within as the same substances also affect them. Batteries are made using lead (Miller 2004, p. 91), nickel, lithium, manganese, mercury, cadmium, zinc and a host of other corrosive electrolytes (Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58).According to a report on hi-tech gadgets dabbed Beware of pollution from hi-tech gadgets (2002), it is found that platinum contains different poisons that are in the battery including lead and heavy metals like mercury that are immense pollutants to the environment at large (p. 1). In addition to this, the corrosive materials / electrolytes that are used in the lead-acid batteries have been found to affect the environment to a great deal since it is mostly made up of dilute sulphuric acid (Miller 2004, p. 91). A combination of these materials shows, just as seen in Recycling key to toxic waste management (1996, p. 34), the most effective way to deal with the menace is to recycle the materials. Recycling reduces the need to extract more virgin materials to address the same problem since there is continued reuse of previous materials that would have otherwise been disposed (Recycling key to toxic waste management 1996, p. 34).Effects of badly disposed batteriesIn a report on Recycling key to toxic waste management (1996, p. 34), it is noted that plastics, acid and lead are in most cases poorly discarded, which is mostly on open fields. In so doing, there is disregard of environmental and health hazards (Beware of pollution from hi-tech gadgets 2002, p. 1).When lead is expos ed in small chunks to small children (mainly those below the age of six years) and foetuses, it has been seen that there are adverse effects that happen to them. To start with, there is a recorded decrease in the level of IQ in the children that is later manifested in their studies (Sigman 1995, p. 456). A good example is shown in the research by Sigman (1995) where they record the number of school dropouts in relation to the exposure to these chemicals and the figures are alarmingly high as noted in the research (p. 456). The second notable effect is that there is reduction in reaction time that is recorded in such children which continues on to their adulthood (Sigman 1995, p. 456).Evidence has shown that exposure of humans to mercury raises the risk as well as propagates the damaging of the central nervous system as noted by Zhou, Naim and Wang (2007, p. 58). Cadmium on the other hand has been found to poison the human blood stream slowly until it reaches a lethal point when it w ill have damaged most of the vital organs and can be fatal too (Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58). To be able to detect an exposure to these harmful substances, patients develop pulmonary emphysema, Anaemia, paralysis and weakened bones (p. 58). Lead is among the most lethal of them all since once injected/ induced into the body, it can hardly be excreted from the body (Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58). This means that it continues to stay in the body for as long as one lives destroying organs like the reproductive system and the kidney (Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58).Available data on battery usage and disposalThe source of damage of a battery is mostly in its charging. This is so because, batteries ought not to be charged while hotter than room temperature as this would lead to overheating that can result to explosion thus causing physical and psychological injury/ trauma (Potter 2005, p. 14 +). As a result of this, a charged battery that is not in use will loss 20-25 % of its ch arge within the first 24 hours (Potter 2005, p. 14). After that, another 7-10 % of the charge will be lost in the consecutive 24 hours after the first 24 hours while the remaining charge will be lost at the rate of 1 % per day from the third day (Potter 2005, p. 14).In Zhou, Naim and Wang (2007, p. 58), it is noted that one large battery has the potential of rendering a one meter square piece of land permanently unusable (Markus 2002). Using the same chemicals from batteries, research has also shown that a button of the same cell battery is capable of polluting as much as 600 tons of water that can be equated to the similar amount of water that an ordinary human being consumes in a lifetime (Tao 2002; Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 58).Industrial batteries have a usability life of 10-20 years while the battery of a truck can last for as long as 3 years (Miller 2004, p. 91). A car’s battery can last for 4 years and it has a weight of 21.4 pounds (Miller 2004, p. 91). Of all the lead produced in America, 80 % of it is used in battery production while research has shown that production of virgin lead can be less costly compared to recycled lead (Sigman 1995, p. 459). This is so because of the costs incurred in collecting used batteries from consumers around the country and beyond to extract the recyclable materials. The amount of lead that is recycled in China is less than 2 % while Germany remains to be the leading in recycling of batteries and its parts in the world.Disposal v/s RecyclingTo be able to salvage a dying battery, it is possible, if the battery cells have not died, to stabilize the battery for longer service. This can be achieved by charging the battery through Equalization and Maintenance Modes (Potter 2005, p. 14). Miller (2004) raises a red flag when it comes to incineration of batteries claiming that there is wastage of resources that are scarce and that incineration does not quite solve the problem but rather magnifies it (p. 91). For example, when sulphuric acid is ‘burnt’, there is emission of sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere that combines with water vapour to form sulphuric acid and sulphurous acids that are corrosive to most metallic surfaces like iron roofing and damage the plants (Ma 2003; Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007, p. 59).The materials that are used in the batteries can be recycled. For example, the plastics casings are made of polypropylene and they can be reprocessed to form new casings (Miller 2004, p. 91). Lead on the other hand can be melted and reformed to make lead plates and a number of other battery parts as argued by Miller (2004, p. 91). In the United States, research has shown that lead-acid batteries are the most recycled materials since the introduction of stringent standards pertaining health and environment (Recycling key to toxic waste management 1996, p. 35).Battery acid does utilize sodium sulfate which when improperly disposed can react with appropriate materials within the environ to form hydrogen sulphide which is a highly dangerous and odorless gas that can kill in minutes. To dispose this, the acid has to be neutralized first so that wherever this shall be poured; it shall not have adverse effects on the environment. A good recycling international company is DEWALT that actively participates with Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation (RBRC) and they specialize in recycling NiCad cells (Potter 2005, p. 15). Most of the batteries are sold and/ or disposed off to scrap battery dealers and ‘breakers’ who smelt them and remold them or resell them to other interested parties (Sigman 1995, p. 455).ConclusionIn conclusion, it is evident that there are many challenges that are posed by improper disposal of batteries. In this research, there have been focuses on the underlying effect that are and/ or may be brought about by exposures to the harmful materials that are used to make batteries. By understanding these dangers, it is then possible for people to make inf ormed decisions concerning the modes that they have been using to dispose off batteries. The discussion indicates that despite their hazardous nature, it is possible to re-utilize them to extent their service life if properly recycled thus reducing the need to mine for more resources especially those, which are rare like lead and mercury. This means that there is preservation of mines and resources for future generations. While the metallic and the plastic parts can be recycled, the liquid electrolytic part can hardly be recycled and hence requires neutralization to eliminate the corrosive factor for proper disposal.RecommendationsDue to the nature of the research, the learner recommends immense education to members of the public as far as battery usage, charging, disposal and recycling is concerned.There ought to be stringent policies that are capable of coercing people and organizations to come up with alternative means of storing energy that are both environmentally friendly and efficient in energy delivery.Bridging the gap that exists between the consumers who uses the battery as argued by Tsoulfas et al. (2002; Zhou, Naim and Wang 2007 p. 64), and the recycling plant by including the retainers as key players in collection of used batteries would help a great deal in improving the amount of recycled batteries. Battery incineration should be a thing of the past when there is increased efficiency in recycling.There should also be proposition of zero-mercury batteries for researchers to be able to bridge the gap that exist between research and practice.As mentioned in Donnelly (2002), there should be consideration of human health, animal health, conservation of land, water and air from pollution to make this world a habitable place (p. 33).

Tuesday, June 30, 2020

Stealing the Narrative The Irony of Reading in The Book Thief - Literature Essay Samples

The dominating theme of Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief is an ironic one. Here is a novel where a main character is nothing less than the symbol of mortality itself, Death, yet the story continually celebrates the life spirit that is contained within books. Books are inanimate objects, to be sure, but they are also very much like Death: a mere symbol of the stories contained them rather than the tangible concretizing of those living, breathing characters. And yet the message that arises over and over throughout the story is that a book can have multiple lives. Books, the story suggests, are almost like cats that have been endowed with the myth of multiple lives because they are capable of sudden reappearing after a long sojourn away from your consciousness. The Book Thief is a novel that raises the metaphor of each reader bringing his own meaning to the act of reading into the real world, primarily through its proposition that readers have the power to take the hatred intended b y the author of Mein Kampf. That book is transformed into a literal key to unlocking what the reader wants the narrative to mean, creating freedom by undermining a symbol of totalitarianism. Death narrates the book and very early on encapsulates for readers what they should expect from the narrative when he asserts that â€Å"It’s just a small story really, about, among things: a small girl, some words, an accordionist, some fanatical Germans, a Jewish fist fighter, and quite a lot of thievery† (5). If a reader were to take Death at his word, The Book Thief might well turn out to be a relatively interesting story filled with crazy Krauts, a kind of fight club, weird music and probably a moral lesson. Death is not being entirely sincere, however; Death—as is his wont—is being ironic. This assertion is an example of real irony, not the kind of â€Å"bummer† irony like rain on your wedding day. He is underplaying what the book is actually going to be about and so right from the very beginning the theme that The Book Thief is about the power of books to contain multiple meanings for multiple readers is made clear. The reader who does not un derstand irony except in its modern-day â€Å"bummer† mentality will not interpret the book in the same way that someone who does understand the literary meaning of irony. The opening section establishes a motif that continues to show up throughout the novel in which insight into what a text means is dependent upon the reader’s relationship with that text. For instance, most readers of this novel are probably already aware by the time they open the book that Mein Kampf was written by Adolf Hitler in order to rouse the Germans against Jews and to convince them that Nationalism was the answer to their problems. The ways that Mein Kampf are used throughout the story reveals that the relationship someone has with it is—for the most part—stripped away from whatever intention Hitler may have had. Hans Junior angrily confronts Liesel by admonishing that Youre either for the Fuhrer or against himand I can see that youre against him. You always have been.† What this quote is really saying is that one person can read a book that is intended to produce one response and experience the exact opposite response. When this happens, the book does not die; it is reborn. Again the irony is explicit: Death is the narrator, but even when Death narrates, a book is a living thing. Not just a living thing, but a thing that can be resurrect ed into having a new meaning with each new reader. Even the title The Book Thief becomes something of an irony: it’s not the book that’s being stolen, it’s the meaning of the book! The way Mein Kampf becomes the symbolic text divulging how the narrative of literally any book can be stolen and reinterpreted to serve the exact opposite purpose becomes most clear through the use of a more concrete symbol: the key. Nothing quite illuminates the symbolic power of stealing the intent of a narrative in quite the way that is achieved when Hans specifically chooses Mein Kampf as the place to hide the key he sends to Max. This choice verges on sheer genius. Because no â€Å"Good German† would ever even have reason to suspect that Hitler’s bible for planning his vision of the Nazi atrocity exhibition would be used to bring about the exact opposite of the book’s desired intent, everybody remains above suspicion. Hans steals the narrative from its author to use the content to serve purposes that fully undermine what the author had in mind. This is more than mere symbolism. This is a way of showing the true power that books have to change minds or even c hange the world. Much more symbolic in nature is the final and ultimate reinterpretation of Mein Kampf which not only steals the meaning, but does manage, finally, to kill the content The final summation of the theme of The Book Thief that stealing a book means far more than just stealing the actual bound pages is demonstrated in a way that combines symbolic meaning with the literal. â€Å"The desecrated pages of Mein Kampf were becoming a series of sketches, page after page, which to him summed up the events that had swapped his former life for another. Some took minutes. Others hours† (277-278). What is especially interesting about Max using the literal pages of Adolf Hitler’s notebook of hated to reinterpret its narrative meaning is that this this description is prefaced by â€Å"Originally, Max had intended to write his own story† (278). Instead of writing his own story—giving birth to brand new narrative—the means by which Max ultimately writes his own story is by inscribing his narrative into the story told by Hitler. The Book Thief through its specific mechanism of utilizing Hitler’s Mein Kampf posits the argument that author and the reader are two integral parts of a narrative tied together and one cannot exist without the other. Through the act of interpretation, the reader becomes an inhabitant of the narrative and thus are tendered the privilege to rewrite the text to reflect their own existence in the world outside the covers. That is a concrete reality. The reader of a book can break into the narrative like a home invader to become a thief who hijacks the narrative himself. That is the symbolic reality of stealing a narrative.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Sustainable Development Developing New Technologies

Sustainable Development At the rate humans are living now, the wasteful ways that we live with. This is not sustainable. As we develop as a human species and as we develop new technologies, as we have been doing for the past hundreds of years, we not come to a point we are starting to see the negative effect that our unsustainable ways are effecting our ecosystem, of economic market, and our future population. Now there is a push to start producing product and creating energy in more â€Å"green† and sustainable way. As humans have developed in the 20th and the 21 century, it has become clear that fossil fuels are driving not only our economy, but also our cars. And with our unsustainable ways, when the fossil fuels reservoirs dry up, not only†¦show more content†¦Fossil fuels are created from the natural plants and animals decomposed millions of years ago deep into the ground. But because of the length of time it takes to create fossil fuels naturally, it is a non re newable resource. As we use this fuel to drive our car, we also use these fossil fuels to heat our homes and even being used to make our plastics items. We cannot live without these fossil fuels, but at the rate we use it today, we do not have much of a choice. â€Å"The most obvious environmental impact from the oil and gas industry is the burning of oil, which releases several smog- causing pollutants and greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.† Subsequently, the process used to drill the oil and gas from the ground is hazardous to the ecosystem as oil spills are common and happen far too frequently. An example of the an oil spill harming our ecosystem is back in April of 2010 when a BP oil rig in the Gulf of Mexico exploded and sank leaving the well surging with oil into the gulf. 87 days later by the time the well was capped, an estimated 3.9 million barrels had already leaked into the gulf, and harming the ecosystem. â€Å"There were some immediate impacts t o the animals of the Gulf of Mexico that could be seen with the naked eye: pelicans black with oil, fish belly-up in brown sludge, smothered turtles washed up on beaches.† Even some animal had been change forever because of the spill. â€Å"There were some reports of deformed wildlife after the spill. For years

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay - 958 Words

Teaching Philosophy Statement â€Å"Teacher’s change lives.† Most people would agree that this statement is true. A teacher has the responsibility of imparting knowledge to students, while having the opportunity to make a huge impact on each student’s life. To be truly successful and effective, a teacher must take the time to thoroughly consider his or her teaching philosophy. The following is a statement of my educational philosophy. I believe every child has a right to an education that is not only meaningful, but also challenging. Children come to school from a variety of different cultural and family backgrounds. Certain values and expectations are already implanted in their minds as soon as they walk†¦show more content†¦Education is important because it contains the tools for success. Without education, there would be no cures for diseases or immense technological advances. Our lives would be extremely different in a world without education. As a teacher, I hope to instill in my students a love of learning. I hope to show them how important education is to their own individual futures as well as the future of our world. I want the students in my classroom to of course gain knowledge of subject content, but also to develop friendships and healthy self-concepts. I believe that if a student does not feel good about himself or herself, he or she is less likely to be enthusiastic about learning. I hope that my students will leave my classroom with positive feelings toward school along with a love of learning that carries on throughout their lives. I want my students to leave my classroom with smiles on their faces, realizing the potential that is within each of them. There are many different approaches to learning that I will incorporate in my teaching philosophy. I see myself as an Idealist in that I believe that each child is of very much value and I have the responsibility to be a positive role model in the classroom. Also, as within the framework of Idealism, I will encourage my students to challenge themselves as learners. I also see myself using some Pragmatic approaches in emphasizing the three R’s in elementary school. IShow MoreRelatedThe Statement Of Teaching Philosophy966 Words   |  4 PagesStatement of Teaching Philosophy My teaching philosophy consists of seven components that create an effective, well-organized and interactive learning environment for students. These components consist of developing healthy relationships, a creating safe classroom atmosphere, constructing a detailed and clear syllabus/assignments, taking neutral stances toward social-religious difference, developing critical thinking, broadening the intellectual horizon of students, and assessment of the teacherRead MoreThe Statement Of Teaching Philosophy1240 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Teaching Philosophy Michael Robb, Ph.D. January 2015 Undergraduates in introductory psychology courses are often fascinated by the unique experiments and observations that reveal insights into human nature. It can be challenging, but also more rewarding, to help students understand the theories that try to make sense out of research. However, when students are able to understand psychological and educational theory, they are better able to construct the story of the human experienceRead MoreThe Statement Of Teaching Philosophy1775 Words   |  8 PagesMy Philosophy Introduction â€Å"The statement of teaching philosophy (also called the teaching statement or teaching philosophy statement) promotes reflective practice by encouraging instructors to describe their teaching methods, to justify why they use those methods, to analyze the effectiveness of those methods, and to consider how they might appropriately modify those methods in future courses.† (Schà ¶nwetter et al., 2002) Stake holder motivation, engagement, cognitive associations, and personalRead MoreThe Role Of A Teaching Philosophy Statement1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe Role of a Teaching Philosophy Statement (TPS) Personal development is one aspect of gaining new information to enhance skills, abilities and overall knowledge. The development of a TPS, is a personal analysis of general concepts of teaching, learning, observations and experiences, transferred into the learning environment (Caukin, 2017). Consequently, the statement is intimate, insightful, with an inclusion of personal views of the aspects of teaching, foundation of learning, in addition toRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy Statement Aristotle once said, â€Å"The one exclusive sign of thorough knowledge is the power of teaching.† Teaching enables students to gain the intelligence needed to excel in life. I believe that a teacher’s philosophy of education is a crucial role in his or her approach to leading students on their educated path. A philosophy of education is the set of beliefs that every school and every teacher stand behind. The certain philosophy that one chooses provides the answersRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy Statement Knowing that you have had an impact on someone and ending the day feeling like you changed just one life could be the best job in the world. To me those feelings and thoughts can only come from one profession-teaching. I have a family full of teachers and it is exciting to see them come home and have that satisfaction of influencing someone’s life. I want to be apart of that feeling and emotion. I have chosen the route to be a SpecialRead MoreEssay on Teaching Philosophy Statement1037 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Philosophy Statement â€Å"Teaching is not a profession; it’s a passion. Without passion for your subject and a desire for your students to learn and be the best in the world, then we have failed as a teacher and failure is not an option.† –John F. Podojil. In my opinion, this quotation is very true. If you do not have the passion to teach your students what is right in the world and what makes them be the best they can be, then you are not really teaching your students orRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pages Teaching Philosophy Statement Dewey defined education as the reconstruction and reorganization of experiences, which increases one’s ability to direct the course of subsequent experiences and these experiences can be both active and passive. However, according to Lindemand, the education experience is, first of all doing something; second, doing something which makes a difference; and third, knowing what difference it makes. While on the other hand Maxine Green said, â€Å"to do educationalRead MoreEssay on Teaching Philosophy Statement1150 Words   |  5 Pages Teaching Philosophy Statement The economic, social, and political systems of the United States are arranged in a manner that benefits the few at the expense of the rest. Unfortunately, the school is a tool indirectly used by the government to perpetuate the injustice and keep things in tact. Blind patriotism in the classroom suppresses discussion on pervasive inequalities, leaving students to ignorantly accept the status quo. As a social reconstructionist, I believe that youngerRead More Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay1089 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Philosophy Statement I am not one of those people that knew absolutely for sure from age five that they wanted to be a teacher. I have thought about many different professions during my educational career and have changed my mind at times in deciding the best route to take. However, teaching has always been something I knew I would enjoy doing. I would often tell my teachers in school that I would like to be an educator, but this statement usually left me with looks of shock and responses

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Alfred Marshall The Father Of Standard Microeconomics

Alfred Marshall: The Father of Standard Microeconomics Today, in our society, everything is handled with small green papers that are called â€Å"dollars†, and people give ridiculous amounts of value to this meager resource. Money can get someone a gargantuan mansion, a lustrous limousine, and many other commodities others can only dream about. In a sense, a person can buy their life and everything within it. Without money, a person cannot have access to basic facilities or live a comfortable life, and society looks down on them, recognizing them as â€Å"money-wasters† or â€Å"homeless people†. However, if it weren’t for one person, the world of economics would be very different from what it is now. This man wrote various books that helped people in the past see what economics is about and how to deal with it and saw the world of money very differently from what people see today. He also created the curve that illustrated two terms that he created: consumer surplus and producer surplus. He is Alfred Marshall , one of the most influential economists ever. According to Robert Palasik, Alfred Marshall was one of the most prominent economists of the Marginal Revolution, where economists began to think about marginal utility and approached mathematics more easily (Palasik). During his lifetime, he created various tools that would aid the economy during those times and in the distant future. Some of them were his books titled Economics of Industry. These books, mainly written by Marshall’sShow MoreRelatedAlfred Marshall And His Contributions839 Words   |  4 PagesAlfred Marshall was born on July 26, 1842, in London, England. He was raised by his father William Marshall, a cashier at a bank in England and his mother, Rebecca Oliver. He also had four siblings: Charles William Marshall, Walter Marshall, Agnes Marshall, and Mabel Marshall. His family was middle class who encouraged Alfred to be a clergyman. His father strongly encouraged him to attend Oxford University when Alfred received a scholarship; however, he attended St. John ’s College against his father’sRead MoreInternship Report on Milkvita14316 Words   |  58 PagesMarket Economy Adam Smith (1723-1790), the ‘father of modern economics’ and author of the famous book ‘An inquiry into the Nature and causes of the wealth of Nations’ spawned the discipline of economics by trying to understand why some nations prospered while other lagged behind in poverty. Others after him also explored how a nation’s allocation of resources affects its wealth. The definition set out at the turn of twentieth century by Alfred Marshall, author of ‘The principles of Economics’ reflectsRead MoreManagement Challenges for the 21st Century.Pdf60639 Words   |  243 Pagesdiscipline—with its own university departments, its own terminology, its own career ladder. At the same time—and for the same reason—what had begun as a study of management in the rapidly growing hospital (e.g., by Raymond Sloan, the younger brother of GM’s Alfred Sloan) was split off as a separate discipline and christened â€Å"Hospital Adm inistration.† Not to be called â€Å"management† was, in other words, â€Å"political correctness† in the Depression years. In the postwar period, however, the fashion turned. By 1950Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesunderstandings of both conceptual and practical issues, in recent years providing a voice of reason amidst all the consultancy excitement of seemingly new ways of costing the business world. He has played a similar role in the area of accounting standard setting, both taking forward the British tradition of the economic analysis of financial accounting and, of possibly greater significance, providing some very original analyses of the possibilities for meaningful accounting standardization. With

What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean Free Essays

Cost of capital is the return necessary to make a capital budgeting process worthwhile. Further, it is the returns that a company gets after an investment. This is the money that evaluates any new project of a company for it determines the minimum profit expected by investors in the business. We will write a custom essay sample on What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean? or any similar topic only for you Order Now To satisfy investors, the return on capital employed must be above the company’s average debts, thus making investments worthwhile. That is, the expected output must be more than the invested capital; the returns are more than the capital (Armitage, 2005). Moreover, if a project costs the same as the company’s average business activities, then it is wise to use the average cost of capital of the company as the base. This ensures that the company’s security on the cost of capital is calculated. It is done by first calculating the cost of debt and equity. Afterwards, calculate the expected returns after doing business. This is done by dividing the dividend payment per share with the market price then adding the growth rate. One can thus issue dividends to investors. From a financial manager’s perspective, discuss the capital budgeting process used to identify projects that add to the firm’s value? How do capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction? The capital budgeting process is used to identify projects that add value to a firm. Afterwards, the managers have to calculate the cash required acquiring a new building or equipment without deriving any cash benefits from the disposal of the replaced commodity. Any additional working capital in relation to the new equipment is initially outlaid and the initial investment is included as a part only if changes occur at the beginning of the project. After this, the managers calculate the terminal cash flow after the sale of the assets, savings after the operations, as well as the net present value of the assets. This procedure helps them to calculate the feasibility of purchasing an equipment or building. Capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction by deciding whether to invest in a specific asset or project. This process helps to determine whether to engage the firm in acquiring certain assets which were not formerly used by the firm. In addition, this undertaking can help to replace any outdated assets, thus maintaining their efficiency. How does a firm’s capital structure relate to your personal capital structure? In what ways are they similar? Provide examples of how you use debt and equity in your personal financial life that parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm. Capital structure is the combination of equity, debt, and other finance sources used to fund other long-term finances. It is therefore related to personal capital structure since the 2 represent the money working in the business, thus showing money flow in the business. Both are similar for they are the working capital of a business. They indicate the amount of money invested in the business as well as the profit gained. They both indicate the amount of borrowed capital flowing in the business. Further, they indicate any other form of capital that are used to run a personal business, such as, a dealer servicing one’s business with goods then settling the dues later. Debt and equity in personal financial life parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm since the amount of money invested at the launch of the business, together with the sum total of goods provided by a dealer to be paid later in form of equity, is indicated. The amount of money borrowed by an individual to help strengthen their capital is indicated as equity for it represents the total amount borrowed to run the business. Modigliani and Miller [MM] employed the concept of arbitrage to develop their theory. Explain the concept of arbitrage and the role of arbitrage in the MM model. Discuss the assumptions and the issues underlying the MM model. http://www. rdboehme. com/MBA_CF/Chap_15. pdf The concept of arbitrage can be explained using the analogy two different markets with one selling at a lower price. Sellers will buy from the low-price market and sell in the market with high prices. The prices thus tend to rise in the low-priced market until the difference is bridged. The role of the MM model is to indicate the safety of investments, that is, if a firm runs two companies, then one might have high market value per share but be very risky regarding market price per share. Conversely, the other may be low market price. Investors will then sell the shares of the risky firms and purchase the other’s, thus standardizing the average cost of capital of the group. The assumptions of the MM model are that the capital market is perfect if only the investors know the market forces. Further, the model classifies firms in groups according to business risks. Investors are assumed to use the operating income to determine the market price. It is also assumed that there are no corporate income taxes. The issues underlying the MM model are that it is very hard to run a business without paying of taxes. Further, the market prices fluctuate, thus the knowledge about market prices is not conclusive. It is thus hard to gauge the market price. How to cite What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean?, Papers What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean Free Essays Cost of capital is the return necessary to make a capital budgeting process worthwhile. Further, it is the returns that a company gets after an investment. This is the money that evaluates any new project of a company for it determines the minimum profit expected by investors in the business. We will write a custom essay sample on What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean? or any similar topic only for you Order Now To satisfy investors, the return on capital employed must be above the company’s average debts, thus making investments worthwhile. That is, the expected output must be more than the invested capital; the returns are more than the capital (Armitage, 2005). Moreover, if a project costs the same as the company’s average business activities, then it is wise to use the average cost of capital of the company as the base. This ensures that the company’s security on the cost of capital is calculated. It is done by first calculating the cost of debt and equity. Afterwards, calculate the expected returns after doing business. This is done by dividing the dividend payment per share with the market price then adding the growth rate. One can thus issue dividends to investors. From a financial manager’s perspective, discuss the capital budgeting process used to identify projects that add to the firm’s value? How do capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction? The capital budgeting process is used to identify projects that add value to a firm. Afterwards, the managers have to calculate the cash required acquiring a new building or equipment without deriving any cash benefits from the disposal of the replaced commodity. Any additional working capital in relation to the new equipment is initially outlaid and the initial investment is included as a part only if changes occur at the beginning of the project. After this, the managers calculate the terminal cash flow after the sale of the assets, savings after the operations, as well as the net present value of the assets. This procedure helps them to calculate the feasibility of purchasing an equipment or building. Capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction by deciding whether to invest in a specific asset or project. This process helps to determine whether to engage the firm in acquiring certain assets which were not formerly used by the firm. In addition, this undertaking can help to replace any outdated assets, thus maintaining their efficiency. How does a firm’s capital structure relate to your personal capital structure? In what ways are they similar? Provide examples of how you use debt and equity in your personal financial life that parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm. Capital structure is the combination of equity, debt, and other finance sources used to fund other long-term finances. It is therefore related to personal capital structure since the 2 represent the money working in the business, thus showing money flow in the business. Both are similar for they are the working capital of a business. They indicate the amount of money invested in the business as well as the profit gained. They both indicate the amount of borrowed capital flowing in the business. Further, they indicate any other form of capital that are used to run a personal business, such as, a dealer servicing one’s business with goods then settling the dues later. Debt and equity in personal financial life parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm since the amount of money invested at the launch of the business, together with the sum total of goods provided by a dealer to be paid later in form of equity, is indicated. The amount of money borrowed by an individual to help strengthen their capital is indicated as equity for it represents the total amount borrowed to run the business. Modigliani and Miller [MM] employed the concept of arbitrage to develop their theory. Explain the concept of arbitrage and the role of arbitrage in the MM model. Discuss the assumptions and the issues underlying the MM model. http://www. rdboehme. com/MBA_CF/Chap_15. pdf The concept of arbitrage can be explained using the analogy two different markets with one selling at a lower price. Sellers will buy from the low-price market and sell in the market with high prices. The prices thus tend to rise in the low-priced market until the difference is bridged. The role of the MM model is to indicate the safety of investments, that is, if a firm runs two companies, then one might have high market value per share but be very risky regarding market price per share. Conversely, the other may be low market price. Investors will then sell the shares of the risky firms and purchase the other’s, thus standardizing the average cost of capital of the group. The assumptions of the MM model are that the capital market is perfect if only the investors know the market forces. Further, the model classifies firms in groups according to business risks. Investors are assumed to use the operating income to determine the market price. It is also assumed that there are no corporate income taxes. The issues underlying the MM model are that it is very hard to run a business without paying of taxes. Further, the market prices fluctuate, thus the knowledge about market prices is not conclusive. It is thus hard to gauge the market price. How to cite What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean?, Papers

Business Model and Disruption

Question: Discuss about the Business Model and Disruption. Answer: Business Model Business Model is the graphical or textual representation of the core activities of an organization. Business model describes the financial, co-operational arrangements, resources that it uses, organizations customer interfaces, unique value proposition as well as the core product or services that it offers which is essential to meet organizational goals and objectives. (Barringer Ireland, 2015) Business Model disruption The process of shaking up an industry where the incumbents stumble is the vague description for business model disruption. The business model disruption occurs when the new entrants enter the market which was previously overlooked by the incumbents. After the entrants successfully performs in its existing market, it then moves upward which is targeted by the incumbents. When the mainstream customers of the incumbents then start purchasing or using the product of entrants, then the disruption occurs. (Christensen, et al., 2015) Disruptive innovation is the one that creates new market and value network and disrupts the existing network and value network. Disruptive innovation also replaces the established market leading firms and also their products. Few examples pertaining to Business Model Disruption which is based on technological changes: Educational Institutions vs. Educational Publishers: Increasing use of technology has changed how people learn. Online classrooms that connect learners and professionals are rampantly increasing. Today many digital classroom, library, video content and interactive info graphics have replaced the traditional way to go to institutions and learn. The world is digitized. All the information needed for a person to learn is available in global marketplace. The ubiquity of knowledge in the global marketplace has made it easier for the passionate learners to see and discuss every educational matter (teacher, tutoring etc) very easily for global marketplace. Large economies like Europe, U.S.A have almost replaced their traditional educational institutions using educational publishers. Largely, the development depends on how the knowledge is acquired and shared. This is why these large economies have been able to compete with emerging economies like South America, Asia and Africa. Examples: iB ooks, TED Ed, etc. Media and entertainment companies: Media and entertainment companies act as the source of interaction, communication, information and participation. As technology has been growing rampantly, consumers are embracing online and mobile functionalities. Those businesses that are able to provide customers with added value ecosystems are able to sustain in the marketplace whereas others are slowly getting out of business environment and have started becoming obsolete. (Laudon, n.d.) Examples: Spotify, Netflix etc. Banking and insurance companies: Mobile and online technologies are becoming dominant part of human life. These technologies have been making human life easier. Due to its increasing importance, customers expect insurance and banking companies to make online services available which makes saves customers time and make them easier to do their work. Because of this innovation, offices and agents become more and more obsolete in todays business environment. Driven by lower cost, increased trust and transparency, customer find is much easier to complete their day to day transaction online. Due to this innovation, customers are able to manage their account online and pay online.(Laudon, n.d.) Example: Bitcoin, Google wallet etc. Conventional business model has been continuously replaced by contemporary technological business model. Let us now examine how one example of each of the categories: educational publishers, banking insurance services and media and entertainment sources has replaced the conventional business model of educational institutions, traditional banking services and traditional media and entertainment sources. TED Ed is TEDs Education initiative. The tagline that TED Ed uses Lessons worth sharing is an extension of TEDs mission of spreading great ideas. It is one of the newest initiatives of TED. This aims at supporting the teachers and raises the curiosity of learners around the world. With the use of videos, TED is capable of introducing and sharing new topics to the curious learners round the world. The TED-Ed allows users to take any TED Talk, TED-Ed Lesson or educational video. TED Ed also creates an environment where learners can easily create customized questions and discussions around the video. Learners and users are then capable of sharing and distributing their lessons and ideas privately and publicly around the world. (Anon., n.d.) This collaborative learning environment provides free videos to the passionate and curious learners. It provides an environment where learners can explore and extract knowledge from various professionals. These educational videos can be shared throughout the world. It is also a platform that provides an opportunity to create questions and where discussion takes place through which answer is revealed. This platform is capable of replacing traditional educational institutions where students visited institutions to gather knowledge, create discussion and share ideas with their colleagues as well as teachers. This new model of creating and capturing knowledge has created a platform where students can save their time and acquire knowledge staying at their home or from anywhere. Spotify: It is the music, podcast and video streaming service that protects the usage of copyrighted works and proprietary hardware from record labels and media companies. There are two versions of Spotify: the premium monthly subscription service and a free service which is supported by advertising. (Anon., n.d.) Spotify replaces the traditional entertainment services provided by radio and television. Using Spotify, users can select the songs of their choice that they want to listen and whenever they want to listen. Whereas in the case of radio and television the audiences are incapable of choosing the song that they want to listen. The audiences must listen to the songs whatever is played on the television and the radio broadcast. Spotify also provides an opportunity to share the music with their friends. Google Wallet: Google wallet has become one of the easiest ways to transfer money from person to person. The sender enters the email id or the phone number of the recipient. The recipient must then link the phone number or email id to their bank account so that they can have access to that fund. Google Wallet makes it easier for people to pay money to any person staying in any part of the world and having access to any of their bank account. It has replaced the traditional way of paying the money where people pay directly on meeting each other or through the use of cheque. This traditional way of paying the money is quite cumbersome since the people have to meet each other to pay and receive the money or the recipient has to take the cheque himself and deposit in their own bank account or withdraw the amount written in the cheque. The Future of Business Models New business models are taking place which continuously makes the older models disruptive. Seeing the trends in the business model, there are few critical points that can be examined to determine what the future of the business model looks like. These are amongst the few points that I want to point out to conclude the significance of my findings for the future of the business model. Instead of looking for the additional outlet of existing offering carefully search for the needs that have not been met. (Eyring, et al., 2011) Blue print the model from the viewpoint of your targeted customers and your company goals. Doing so might help you to continually reinvent the model on the basis of the companys resources, capabilities and customer demands. (Blank, 2013) Carefully examine the price that the customers are willing to pay for the product. Focus on the key things such as affordability and accessibility of the companys offerings. Increasing customization and personalization of the offerings. (Laudon, n.d.) Increasing use of Information Technology to increase customer intimacy, value chain coordinators that match supply and demand. (Mendelson, 2015) Continuously thrive and look for the changes in the industry in which you are participating and market that you are targeting. (Drucker, n.d.) References Anon., n.d. Spotify. [Online] Available at: https://www.spotify.com/int/why-not-available/ Anon., n.d. TED Ed. [Online] Available at: https://www.ted.com/about/programs-initiatives/ted-ed Arts, O., 2013. 10 disrutive business model. [Online] Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/featured/category/business [Accessed 16 August 2016]. Barringer, B. R. Ireland, R. D., 2015. Entrepreneurship. In: Entrepreneurship. Sector 62- Noida: Pearson, p. 549. Blank, S., 2013. Why the Lean Start-Up Changes Everything, May.p. 9. Christensen, C., Raynor, M. E. McDonald, R., 2015. What id Disruptive Innovation. December. Drucker, P. F., n.d. Harvard Business Review. The Discipline of Innovation, p. 11. Eyring, M., Johnson, M. W. Nair, H., 2011. New Business Models in Emerging Markets. Laudon, K., n.d. E-commerce. In: Management Information System. s.l.:Pearson. Laudon, K., n.d. Management Information System. In: Management Information System. s.l.:Pearson. Mendelson, H., 2015. Business Model, Information Technology and the Company of the Future. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/article/business-models-information-technology-and-the-company-of-the-future/ [Accessed 16 August 2016]. Owyang, J., 2013. in Slide Share. [Online] Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/jeremiah_owyang/the-future-of-business-models/34-Real_time_Delivery_Fdom_local [Accessed 16 August 2016].

Monday, May 4, 2020

Hot and good Essay Example For Students

Hot and good Essay Removing her clothes can be a very important part of foreplay. You have two choices: slow or fast. The reason you should try both (at different times, bobo) is because a) women love variety and, b) to figure out what she really likes. SlowSit down on the bed and have her stand facing you. Slowly unbutton her top and spread it apart, but dont remove it just yet. Go inside her shirt and hold onto her waist, all the while kissing her stomach and licking her navel. Now take off the top. Undo her pants/skirt and let it fall to the floor (and if shes wearing socks, for goodness sake, take those off too). Take a moment to look at her with appreciation, after all, you are going to be penetrating that body at some point in the evening, so you should appreciate it. Tell her that you cant believe that you have such a sexy woman in front of you. Now open your legs and seat her in front of you with her back facing you. Unclip and remove her bra, and cup her breasts in your hands. Feel them, appreciate their texture, and squeeze them ever so slightly just to get her juices flowing. Leave her underwear on whilst playing with her body, trust me, the anticipation alone will drive her crazy. FastFace her standing up and remove her clothing as though you arent able to contain yourself and need to see her naked body (but not so fast that you knock her down or do any bodily damage). Bite on her shoulder and kiss her mouth deep and slow. Then look her straight in the eyes and tell her to undress you slowly.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

How to Write Topics on Cancer Topics For Essay

How to Write Topics on Cancer Topics For EssayCancer topics for essay should be informative, educational and relatable to the general public. It should not only give you information but also make you think about the subject.The topic is all about the subject of cancer and how people would react to it. In fact, it is not entirely about cancer, even though people are more likely to talk about the subject than others. Since this topic is so prevalent in our society, it is important to bring out a point of view from an outsider's point of view. You could offer facts about cancer and statistics, which may seem irrelevant, but as long as it will get across the message you are aiming for, it can be helpful.Cancer has many names, especially when it is localized to a certain part of the body. There are stages of cancer such as lung cancer, oral cancer, brain cancer, etc. One of the main reasons why cancer is considered to be prevalent in our society is that it is a life-threatening disease th at kills cancer cells. However, it does not kill normal cells, which makes it a disease with no cure. Although there are treatments and medications that can help a patient to fight the disease, there is still a need for care and love during treatment.The first step in researching on the subject of cancer is understanding the basics. When it comes to a topic like cancer, the general public would like to know more about it, so they are most likely to help you research. Cancer is not just a clinical disease but can affect anyone, at any age. Therefore, if you would like to make your topic interesting, you should try to use some of the basic information about the disease and its symptoms. This will help you give an overview of the disease and give them a link where they can learn more.Another way to write a cancer topic for the essay is by looking for resources online. There are numerous websites available where you can get articles about topics like cancer. You can also read different books on the subject. Since you would want to share your knowledge and experience, these resources will surely be useful.Research is very essential in order to fully understand the topic. It is easier to write about cancer if you have done some research. Even if the topic is already overwhelming, you can still read some articles or read other books and articles to make sure that you are well versed with the topic.Information that can be researched would include the causes of cancer, effects of cancer, patient's stories, procedures for treating cancer, and much more. If you are unable to research then you can still provide your knowledge to the general public by adding relevant information and statistics. It would be best to make the facts easy to understand and relate it to the subject.Although researching and providing information may not be as easy as writing an essay, it is a good start if you want to write cancer topics for essay. Make sure that the information is informative an d relevant to the topic. A good write up should make the reader want to learn more.

Saturday, March 28, 2020

William D. Ruckelshaus and the EPA

Introduction The case under discussion, William R. Ruckelshaus and Environment Protection Agency, is really important as it raises the problems of government and management, leadership and decision making in the organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on William D. Ruckelshaus and the EPA specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Environment Protection Agency (EPA) under Anne McGill Burford’s ruling was convicted of perjury. The image and the work of the whole organization became so bad, that the employees were ashamed of the place they worked at. Sarcasm at the direction of the company director was too much. William Ruckelshaus, the first administrator of EPA, was invited to his previous positions to organize the work in the department and raise the prestige of the organization. The problems stated in the case study are really relevant as much attention is paid to the organization of work of human resources, le adership and decision making. The incorrect organization in one of those issues lead to the problems the company faced (Lipshitz Mann, 2005). Moreover, being the part of the government, the lack of public value could lead to the distrust to the whole government. Background The main idea of the case is to represent the activities which may be taken in the image recovering direction. William Ruckelshaus was invited for the temporary position in the EPA. The organization was ruined even inside as the employees of the organization were ashamed of the fact that they worked in the EPA, without mentioning about the public attitude. The previous administrator has created a bad image of the organization and a new one faced a lot of different issues, like: (1) there were too many vacancies which had to be fulfilled, (2) ruining of a block on legislative priorities about giving the companies more authority about pollution control installation, (3) encourage all the companies to clean up pollu tion they cause, (4) meet the international standards about the emissions which cause acid rain, (5) settle financial regulations with the government, (6) some political issues had to be solved. Linkage of the case to Public Administration issues The case under discussion is closely connected with the public administration and the issues it has to solve. It underlines the specific issues the government arises when makes legal regulations and enforces them. Before getting down to the discussion of the issues the case refers to within the public administration responsibilities, it is important to state what a public administration is. Public administration may be considered as â€Å"all processes, organizations, and individuals associated with carrying out laws and other rules adopted or issued by legislature, executives and courts† (Milakovich Gordon, 2008, p. 11).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wit h 15% OFF Learn More The case refers to the court procedures where the organizations should be given more power devoted to making decisions about when the expensive pollution controls should be installed. Moreover, the international regulations should be settled which are usually considered by public administration. Public administration executes the law (Beckett Koenig, 2005) and the main issues Ruckelshaus has to face in the study are to follow the law and execute its demands. Furthermore, public administration presupposes work with people, their organization and following. Ruckelshaus has created specific rules which have to be followed by the employees. He may be considered as the administrator who has implemented the way and waits when people are going to subject to it. To make proper decisions, to direct necessary people to the appropriate direction and to make them follow those rules are the main executive responsibilities a new administrator had to bear. Willliam D .Ruckelshaus and the EPA case study Was there a difference between Ruckelshaus’s external environment and that of business executive? The external environmental Ruckelshaus had to exist in was rather aggressive and negatively prejudiced. Ruckelshaus was surrounded by different organizations which expected from him specific actions. He had tried to make all possible to meet the expectations of the organizations and society. So, it may be completed that there was no difference between the external environment and the business executives provided by the administrator. He did all possible to meet the requirements of the congress and to appease congressional critics, he provided consultations with citizens to increase their participation in the environmental affairs and to make them understand that the EPA has the only goal, to restore its image and make all possible to return human trust. One of the first actions Ruckelshaus did was the revision of the policies and legislative do cuments used by the EPA. This action was directed at the consideration of the standards the organization followed and checking whether these standards were met. The reports devoted to this information helped structure the future work, organize the relationships with the department and other organizations which expected some actions from the EPA. Thus, internally, Ruckelshaus provide the actions which were aimed at restoring the industry, organize a proper work of human resources and to establish relations with the departments in the government which are useful for the successful organization function. In the relation to the external environment, the same actions have been provided but on the other level. Everybody expected actions and changes from a new appointment, and Ruckelshaus justified the expectations of the whole society. Ruckelshaus’s eight â€Å"rules of thumb† Turning to the discussion of eight â€Å"rules of thumb† Ruckelshaus has used as the recover y strategy, the following logic basis may be considered. To improve the public opinion about the organization and the restore its positive image, Ruckelshaus pays much attention to what the employees say to people about the organization, even to the colleagues.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on William D. Ruckelshaus and the EPA specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Much attention is paid to the government and the leadership in particular. People should have someone who they can respect and follow. To solve the legislation and political issues, Ruckelshaus uses the strategy of minimizing political miscalculations as these problems may be strong barriers on the way of achieving success. Ruckelshaus has decided to search for people who are not connected to the industry, because he is afraid to facing those who dealt with Anne McGill Burford and continue unfair activities inside the organization. To return organizationsâ €™ good name and positive image, Ruckelshaus had to set new goals of the administration. Having analyzed the changes conducted by Anne in this case, William understood that they were directed not at the improving the impact on the environment, but on making the responsibilities of EPA fewer. The change of the goals and their announcement to the society may help in improving the attitude of the citizens to the organization. Ruckelshaus wants to show people that working on the environmental problems, EPA is unable to solve some of them in a number of reasons. To reduce the prejudiced attitude to the society to EPA, the educational courses are created. To increase the public image and to fill vacant slots, Ruckelshaus tries to address the public policies in the light of the social goals. To minimize the costs in the future, Ruckelshaus uses the research to identify the environmental threats and to assess the risks which may appear in the future. Highly paid business executives and the reasons for a large pay cut When Ruckelshaus was invited to his previous position, he was encouraged to do much work, solve numerous problems are make all possible to return the organization on the previous high position and form positive attitude in society. Even though much and complicated work had to be completed, Ruckelshaus agreed on large a pay cut. Such decision may be explained by a number of reasons. First of all, Ruckelshaus was the first administrator of EPA. It seems that when he saw what was done with the organization which he had created, he could even agree to work for the lowest salary. This was an affair of honor for him to return the EPA to the previous condition. He just liked the job he had done before and he wanted to return to his previous responsibilities. The second reason for agreeing on pay cut was the understanding that too much costs had to be put in the recovery strategies. Ruckelshaus understood that the organization budget may fail to cope with the high costs. Anyway ethical responsibility before the society is the main reasons why such costly word was done for less payment.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such actions may be also considered as the first step on the way to the company recovery. To show that he works for free might show the society that he was going to be responsible in his actions and decisions, not to his personal benefit but for the benefit of the whole society, environmentally protected. The third reasons might have been the understanding that money is nothing in the comparison with the pleasure he gets from doing the things he likes. It is really important to be satisfied from being a leader, from making the decisions which carry great responsibility but at the same time prove that the experience and knowledge he had got during his life were not spent in vain, and from managing people in such a way that they want to work in the company, that they want to perform the tasks they are assigned to. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be mentioned that Ruckelshaus is a professional. He took a position when the company was almost destroyed, when employees were ashamed th at they worked there, when the standards were not met and the legislative and political problems overwhelmed. Having faced a number of issues and applied specific strategies, the organization had managed to return its image due to the specific â€Å"rules of thumb† which have been dictated by the situation and the problems which had to be solved. I have learnt that leadership and proper decisions making are the main issues for successful business running. The correct human resource management and appropriate goals are also important to meet the society expectations. A wise administrator who can do his/her job in a proper way is a guarantee to the company successful development. Reference List Beckett, J. Koenig, H. O. (2005). Public Administration and Law. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. Lipshitz, R. Mann, L. (2005). Leadership and Decision Making: William R. Ruckelshaus and the Environmental Protection Agency. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 11(4), 41-53. Milakovic h, M. E. Gordon, G. J. (2008). Public Administration in America. Stamford: Cengage Learning. This essay on William D. Ruckelshaus and the EPA was written and submitted by user Camilla Oliver to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, March 7, 2020

Police Performance Term Paper

Police Performance Term Paper Police Performance Term Paper Police Performance Term PaperIf you need to write police performance term paper, you will find this article useful. Firstly, there is a good sample term paper on police performance. You may use this sample to write your own term paper, to get ideas for writing, or to focus your research topic. Secondly, you may also try our custom term paper help and get original term paper on police performance written from scratch! Our term paper writers are experienced and educated; they can write an impressive term paper for you! When you buy a term paper at our site, you get original term paper with no plagiarism! Term papers and report we write are of high academic quality and earn the best grades for our clients!Police Performance Term Paper SamplePerhaps the most pronounced myth surrounding the Angels and their operations is that of a subway system that is crime-ridden, dangerous, and out of control. Declaring their own version of the right of popular sovereignty in the interest of selfpr eservation, the Guardian Angels, like virtually every active citizen action organization before them, have organized to take action to protect themselves and others. However, this crime problem, which gives the organization its legitimacy, does not appear to exist. While their critics have been quick to attack the Angels for exaggerating crime problems for their own benefit, clearly the responsibility for this myth should be more broadly shared. Not only the Angels, but the media and many of New York's public officials should be included as well. The result of this myth is important not only to the transit police and the health of the New York City transit system, but to the Guardian Angels as they attempt to maintain their growth and organizational evolution. A second, related issue involves the image of fearful New Yorkers frustrated by poor police coverage and performance, willing to embrace almost any alternative. Although the results of this research do show that nearly one-hal f of all passengers interviewed rate the job the transit police are doing at protecting riders as either not too good or not good at all, the most commonly mentioned criterion in this evaluation was not danger but expected result. Those respondents who thought the police would recover property stolen from them were more likely to rate police performance more favorably. Those who thought items stolen would not be recovered saw the police in a more negative light. Concerning the availability of police on the subways, over 86 percent of passengers reported that when riding on the system they usually, or at least sometimes, saw officers on patrol. From these results, it is certainly difficult to substantiate the existence of a widespread belief in the breakdown of either law or order on the subways. Despite the lack of major dissatisfactions with the police, the overwhelming majority of passengers interviewed reported that they approved of the Guardian Angels. Many of these riders' appr oval was not without reservations, however. These passengers often advised that they approved of the concept of citizens helping each other and, while they knew little about the Angels'methods, they were assuming that the organization deserved their support. While this is clearly a positive finding for the Angels, it is not an unqualified endorsement for them or similar citizen-action groups. To the extent that these organizations deviate from this general concept of citizen help, it is likely that their levels of public support will diminish.

Wednesday, February 19, 2020

Equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Equity - Essay Example Chancellor being unbound by Common Law, this gave rise to direct petitions to him by people who were disillusioned by unbending legal rulings and needed immediate remedy and this urgency and huge requirement led to appointment of Chancery Masters. Equity flourished for centuries, and gave relief to ordinary people with sensitivity and awareness of social difficulties. Equity deals with Inquisitorial procedure (based on questioning and examination by the judge) and judge can sub poena the suspects and witnesses to compel them to attend proceedings. We come across historical evidence that Common law courts resented the wide popularity of Court of Chancery. Contradictions and opposition went on for some time and reached the peak in 17th century dispute, The Earl of Oxford's Case (1615) and King James I had to order for Attorney General's intervention to stop Lord Chief Justice and Lord Chancellor from bickering and according to King's dictum where there is a conflict between equity and common law, equity prevails and it holds good even today. Equity remains the name given to a set of legal principles practiced where English law is in vogue. Sometimes referred to as Natural Law, it is part of English legal tradition. Sources of Equity are far removed from sources of Common Law. The set of remedies that law and equity offer differ and uphold the difference between common law and equity. Equity bends more towards injunctions or degrees with directives for acting or refrain from acting and this relief is considered more practical and based on sound common sense and social knowledge. Equity with its emphasis on fairness and flexibility has only general guides known as the maxims of equity. Criticism prevails that it has no set of rules of its own and is baseless. At times, it is called a set of fluctuating rules that the Lord Chancellor, depending on his common sense and conscience has collected. Today it is not as flexible as it used to be and got consolidated by systems and precedents and has attained certain rigidity in its approach. Earlier Chancellors were not legally trained and this was remedied when Sir Thomas Moore became Lord Chancellors in 1529 and only lawyers succeeded him. Today's Equity has equitable doctrines and impressive precedents and has grown into an independent branch of law. It is also referred to as Supplementary Law which is part of law of the land. "In my view equity has added to our legal system, together with a number of detached doctrines, one novel and fertile institution, namely the trust; and three novel and fertile remedies, namely the decree for specific performance, the injunction, and the judicial administration of estates," Maitland (1949, p.22). Equity has made substantial contributions to the body of law in the form of trusts, mortgage and equitable jurisdiction through Natural Justice. It adopted a more metaphysical approach than common law, whose approach is materialistic, while give preference for substance over form, and preventing use of statutes as instruments of fraud. No doubt,

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

LEGAL ASPECT OF NURSING Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LEGAL ASPECT OF NURSING - Case Study Example After the patient admitted he was thinking of harming himself, it was prudent he was offered specialized care immediate treatment and a one on one observation in a bid to prevent that which was bound to happen. In this case the hospital staff neglected their obligation to ensure the patients safety and to offer the required care and attention that comes with his condition especially bearing in mind the sole reason he was brought to the institution was to secure his safety. Who are the defendants in this case? Which defendants could potentially be held liable and Why? Having been brought by an officer of the law and by accepting to admit Mr. Garcia the hospital took full responsibility and as such should be held liable. In this case the Hospital and the staff who were directly involved in admitting the patient are the defendants. The Hospital staff in this case will potentially carry the load as they are directly charged with the responsibility of taking care of the patients. In the l ine of discharging their duty they failed to properly evaluate the situation and give Mr. Garcia the care that he required. The American Nurses Association defines nursing practice as a process that involves proper assessment of patients, proper decision making and right application of nursing knowledge to a patient (deWit, 2001). With this regard the hospital staff took off on the wrong foot right from the start. Although restrained Mr. Garcia was not observed as should have which enabled him to slip out of the restraints and facility unnoticed. Therefore, it is reasonable and just to hold the hospital staff liable. How do you think the court would rule in such a case? Why? The submissions of both the plaintiffs and the defendants will most definitely determine the ruling, but in my opinion the court should rule in favor of the plaintiff. In this matter several elements on negligence and malpractice have emerged from the hospitals staff. It is clear if proper precautions were taken right from the point where Mr. Gracias was admitted his life could have been saved. Failure to provide direct patient observation clearly highlights the violation of the hospitals obligation to safeguard its patients and prioritize their health. It is this act by the staff that leads to the damages on the patient Mr. Garcia and his family. The following are among the elements that directly or indirectly caused the death of the patient therefore in my opinion makes the defendants guilty. Duty: - It was the duty of the hospital and its staff to ensure that the patient was safe, as he had been taken there specifically to ascertain his safety. They evidently have failed in this duty because it was reasonably foreseeable that the patient left on his own would harm himself and it is why he was rushed to the hospital by the officer and constrained. There is a relationship between the patient and the hospital because they admitted him, though failed to give him proper care. Factual causati on: - By the mere fact that the officer brought the patient to the hospital by the confession that he intended to kill himself shows the seriousness the officer took the issue, now that the patient escaped from the hospital unnoticed and killed himself when he was their responsibility means they are at fault and therefore culpable. Remoteness: - The issue of the patient leaving the hospital and harming

Monday, January 27, 2020

War in Africa: The North African Campaign

War in Africa: The North African Campaign Destiny Yeakey The North African Campaign lasted from 1941-1943 (Erwin Rommel History.com). During this campaign, Adolf Hitler created The Afrika Korps; they were lead by Erwin Rommel. The Afrika Korps was the German expeditionary force in Africa. The Korps also had different groups of panzer divisions. Panzer divisions were the armoured divisions in the army branch of the Wehrmacht and of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Afrika Korps was beneficial for Erwin Rommel because they helped him maintain territorial gains in North Africa (Rommel in Africa History.com), gain immortality in the North African Campaign, and fight a clean war. The Western Desert Campaign The campaign started when rommel arrived in libya (Western desert campaign: Egypt and Libya ushmm.org, ). In Libya he tried to take control of troops. Those troops were sent to reinforce the Germans allies (Western desert campaign: Egypt and Libya ushmm.org, ). He also tried to reinforce other things. He tried to reinforce the Italians position in the war (Western desert campaign: Egypt and Libya ushmm.org,). The Deutsches Afrika Korps were also created during this time. They were created for the purpose of keeping up with territorial gains in North Africa (Rommel in Africa History.com). They were first called the Army Korps (Western desert campaign: Egypt and Libya ushmm.org,). The name was changed by Adolf Hitler the creator of the korps. During the korps first battle they only had about 30 tanks ready for war (North Africa Campaigns Britannica). The struggle of the Suez Canal also became a problem during this time. The struggle started when hitler ordered attack in the canal and the u.s. embassy CairoErwin Rommel BHS). He ordered attack during the summer of 1942. The struggle was a big deal because the canal had main access to oil from the middle east (World war 2: North Africa Campaign History.com). The canal also had main access to raw materials to parts of Asia (World war 2: North Africa Campaign History.com). The North African Campaign Hitler causing the attack on Cairo and the canal cause oil to become a critical strategic. It became critical due to the increase of modern armies (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com). During this time they realized the naval battle and the campaign were mainly just extensions of each other (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com). The naval battle was a battle of the Pacific. The naval battle ended February 19, 1915 January 9, 1916. Italy attacked Ethiopia from its colony (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com). At this point the total control of Africa started struggling (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com) . The Egyptians eventually granted britain permission to stations (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com). Stations were large forces in their territory. The Italians also invaded Egypt (World war 2: North Africa Campaign theatlantic.com). The Egyptian forces captured almost 130,000 italians in their attempt to invade Egypt (World war 2: North Africa Campaign theatlantic.com). The outcome would have been better if the Italians would have stayed to themselves. For example if the Italians would have stayed neutral the British access to sea lanes would have remained assured (World war 2: North Africa Campaign Historynet.com). The Italians wouldnt have lost 130,000 troops either. Panzer Divisions The panzer divisions were another force in the Afrika Korps. They were supplied very well. They had multiple kinds of weapons. Some of the weapons including tanks, assault guns, tank destroyers, etc (German technological superiority topedge.com). The main division that was based around guns was division 3 (German technological superiority topedge.com). The Germans were the ones who controlled the divisions. Saying that they had many divisions. The panzer divisions were 1,2,3 and a few 4 (German technological superiority topedge.com). There was only two divisions based around tanks, that being divisions 3 and 4 (German technological superiority topedge.com). The Afrika Korps relied on the panzer divisions. They relied on them for tanks and backup. They mainly relied in panzer divisions 3-4 though (German technological superiority topedge.com). Considering panzer division had about 8,553 tanks ready for each battle. The others were used as backup supplied with many various guns. In conclusions the afrika korps was beneficial for Erwin Rommel because they helped him maintain territorial gains in North Africa, gain immortality in the North African campaign, and fight a clean war. It was the only land based fight that the allies could take to axis power. And the war ended with most allied victories. The war ended in 1943. Erwin soon died on October 14, 1944.